胶质瘤复发与放射性脑损伤的MRI鉴别诊断探讨

目的:讨论胶质瘤复发与放射性脑损伤的MRI鉴别诊断。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月~2020年2月本院收治的68例胶质瘤术后患者,对所有患者进行MRI平扫、增强以及灌注加权成像(PWI)扫描,记录影像学特征,对脑血容量中位数最大值(rCBV_max)、表观扩散系数(ADC_mean、ADC_min)指标进行对比。结果:有15例患者复发,其胶质瘤复发率为22.06%,其放射性脑损伤的发生率为8.82%(6例);胶质瘤复发与放射性脑损伤患者rCBV_max、ADC_min值有明显差异(P<0.05),ADC_mean比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:进行MRI检查临床效果较好,可准确鉴别胶质瘤复发与反射性脑损伤。     

Identification of key genes and pathways in discoid lupus skin via bioinformatics analysis

Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is the most common skin manifestation of lupus; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying DLE remain unknown. Therefore, we aimed to identify key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in discoid lupus skin and investigate their potential pathways.To identify candidate genes involved in the occurrence and development of the disease, we downloaded the microarray datasets {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE52471","term_id":"52471"}}GSE52471 and {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE72535","term_id":"72535"}}GSE72535 from the Gene Expression Database (GEO). DEGs between discoid lupus skin and normal controls were selected using the GEO2R tool and Venn diagram software (http://bioinformatics.psb.ugent.be/webtools/Venn/). The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), Enrichr, and Cytoscape ClueGo were used to analyze the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome pathways and gene ontology. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) of these DEGs were further assessed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval Interacting Genes version 10.0.Seventy three DEGs were co-expressed in both datasets. DEGs were predominantly upregulated in receptor signaling pathways of the immune response. In the PPI network, 69 upregulated genes were selected. Furthermore, 4 genes (CXCL10, ISG15, IFIH1, and IRF7) were found to be significantly upregulated in the RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, from analysis of Enrichr and Cytoscape ClueGo.The results of this study may provide new insights into the potential molecular mechanisms of DLE. However, further experimentation is required to confirm these findings.     

基于代谢组学分析的18-三体妊娠羊水差异代谢物

摘要:目的通过 非靶向代谢组学方法分析18-三体( trisomy 18,T18) 妊娠母体羊水样本,探索其差异代谢物。方法采用病 例-对照研究,以8例18-三体妊娠母体羊水样本为病例组,40例正常胎儿母体羊水样本为对照组,采用气相色谱飞行时间质 谱技术( GC-T0F/MS)检测两组羊水样本。采用主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(OPIS-DA)模型分析代谢谱 差异,通过单维统计分析寻找差异代谢物。结果PCA 和OPLS-DA模型分析均显示病例组与对照组之间无明显分离趋势。 通过单维分析在两组间共发现5种差异代谢物,分别为甘油醛、葡萄糖酸、硫酸吲哚酚.磷酸盐和泛酸(P<0.05)。结论羊水 代谢组学证实18-三体妊娠存在多种代谢物水平的差异,为疾病的发生机制的探索提供了更多研究思路。     

Identification of IgG1 Aggregation Initiation Region by Hydrogen Deuterium Mass Spectrometry

Antibody aggregates are a potential risk for immunogenicity; therefore, rational approaches to improve associated aggregation properties need to be developed. Here, we report the amino acid region responsible for aggregation initiation. Two types of therapeutic IgG1 antibody monomer samples were prepared: IgG1 mAb40-3M stored at 40°C for 3 months, which existed in monodisperse state, and the monomer mAb65-5m, which was dissociated from small soluble aggregates by heating at 65°C for 5 min. Hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry of mAb40-3M identified 2 sites in the Fc region (site 1, F239-M256; site 2, S428-G450) with increased exchange rates. Site 1 includes a region reported as being susceptible to structural change induced by stress. Exposure of site 1 was undetected after 2 months of storage at 40°C but was subsequently detectable after 3 months. As site 2 is spatially close to site 1, the structural change of site 1 could propagate site 2. Besides these 2 regions, hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry of mAb65-5m identified an exposure of I257-W281 in Fc (site 3), within which a peptide sequence with high aggregation tendency was discovered. We thus concluded that exposure of site 3 is a trigger for the association of a partially denatured antibody.     

Effect of Curvature Location on Fatigue Resistance of Five Nickel-titanium Files Determined at Body Temperature

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 5 different curvature locations on the fatigue resistance of thermomechanically treated nickel-titanium (NiTi) files and superelastic NiTi files at body temperature and to document the corresponding phase transformations.MethodsEndoSequence (ES; Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA), EndoSequence CM (ESCM, Brasseler USA), K3 (SybronEndo, Orange, CA), K3XF (SybronEndo), and Vortex Blue (VB; Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK) NiTi files (size 25/.04) were subjected to fatigue tests inside customized artificial canals containing a curvature of 60° and a 3-mm radius. There were 5 different canals based on the location of initial curvature; these included groups in which the distance between the canal orifice and the location of the curvature (DOC) was 5, 6, 8, 10, and 11 mm. The model canal was immersed in water at 37°C ± 1°C. The number of cycles to failure (N_f) was recorded, and the fracture surface of the fragments was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Two unused files of each brand were examined by differential scanning calorimetry.ResultsThe N_f was highest in the 10-mm and 11-mm DOC groups and lowest with the 5-mm and 6-mm DOC groups (P < .05). ESCM files had the highest fatigue resistance followed by the VB, K3XF, K3, and ES files (P < .05). ESCM files had the highest N_f (P < .05), and ES and K3 files had the lowest N_f (P < .05) depending on the curvature location. Two endothermic peaks were observed on the heating curve of the heat-treated files (ESCM, K3XF, and VB).ConclusionsThe location of the canal curvature had a significant effect on the fatigue resistance of both heat-treated and superelastic NiTi files. The fatigue life of files in the coronal curve was quite short.     

超声造影联合血清CEA、CA72-4对卵巢良恶性肿瘤鉴别诊断的价值

目的:探讨超声造影联合血清癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原72-4（CA72-4）对卵巢良恶性肿瘤鉴别诊断的价值。方法:选取2017年1月至2018年6月本院肿瘤科收治的128例卵巢肿瘤患者进行研究，进行超声造影和血清CEA、CA72-4水平检测，观察超声造影、CEA、CA72-4及联合检测对卵巢良恶性肿瘤鉴别诊断的价值。结果:在良性肿瘤组中超声造影符合率为72.92%，恶性肿瘤组中超声造影符合率为75.00%，两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；恶性肿瘤组患者血清CEA、CA72-4水平高于良性肿瘤组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；恶性肿瘤组超声造影、CA72-4检测阳性率均高于良性肿瘤组（P<0.05），两组血清CEA检测阳性率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），三者联合检测阳性率高于单项指标检测（P<0.05）；通过ROC曲线分析显示，CEA的AUC为0.644，诊断灵敏度为31.25%，特异性为82.29%，CA72-4的AUC为0.702，诊断灵敏度为40.63%，特异性为79.17%，二者联合检测的AUC为0.785，诊断敏感性为56.25%，特异性为73.96%；三项指标单独检测，超声造影检测的灵敏度、阳性预测率、阴性预测率、诊断准确度及误诊率最高，CEA检测的特异性、漏诊率最高，三者联合检测的灵敏度、特异性、阳性预测率、阴性预测率、诊断准确度最高，漏诊率、误诊率最低。结论:超声造影联合血清CEA、CA72-4检测较单独检测诊断效能高，对卵巢良恶性肿瘤鉴别诊断有较高参考价值。     

利用转录组测序分析与华重楼种子休眠解除相关差异基因

为探究华重楼种子休眠解除过程中差异基因的表达情况及相关代谢通路,以华重楼休眠解除前后种胚为材料,利用新一代高通量测序手段对供试样品进行转录组测序并进行系统生物信息学分析。从cDNA文库中分别获得62 882 650,62 263 366个clean reads,共得到69 248个差异表达基因,上调的表达基因有56 426个,下调的表达基因有12 822个。共有138 267个差异表达基因被GO功能注释到生物进程、分子功能和细胞组分3个大类58个亚类,注释的差异表达基因与代谢过程、生物调控、细胞组分合成和酶催化活性等密切相关。对58 722个差异表达基因进行pathway显著性富集分析,共发现139个代谢通路,休眠前后的DEGs主要富集在碳代谢、次生代谢产物生物合成和多糖代谢等途径。基于KEGG数据库中注释结果,共发现16条与华重楼休眠解除相关的代谢通路。华重楼种子发育与休眠解除过程中大量与种胚形态建成、多糖分解及蛋白质合成的差异基因参与表达,涉及到多个代谢途径的相互作用,构成复杂的休眠解除调控网络。     

肺磨玻璃结节的胸部CT影像特征及其对结节良恶性的诊断价值

目的:观察肺磨玻璃结节（GGN）的胸部CT征象，分析其在结节良恶性诊断中的价值。方法:回顾性分析2019年1月至2019年9月解放军总医院收治的65例具有GGN的CT影像征象的患者，根据病理结果分为良性组（26例）、恶性组（39例），收集整理相关临床及影像资料，分析良、恶性GGN不同CT影像特点及诊断价值。结果:良、恶性肺GGN在病变直径、形状、边界、分叶征、毛刺征、空泡征、支气管充气征、血管集束征、胸膜凹陷征和密度具有差异，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 其中胸膜凹陷征的诊断灵敏度和特异度最高，分别为76.92％和73.08％；而粗糙边界的诊断灵敏度和特异度最低，分别为25.64％和26.92％。分叶征、胸膜凹陷征的AUC值分别为0.718、0.75，对恶性GGN有较高的预测价值。结论:肺GGN的胸部CT征象（病变直径、形状、边界、分叶征、毛刺征、空泡征、支气管充气征、血管集束征、胸膜凹陷征、密度）有助于鉴别诊断良、恶性肺GGN。